In the ancient history of China, there was an emperor whose name was closely linked with the escape from Chang'an City, and he was the ninth emperor of the Tang Dynasty - Emperor Xuanzong. According to historical records, Emperor Xuanzong escaped from Chang'an nine times during his reign. So, what was the reason for this emperor to repeatedly leave his capital?

During Emperor Xuanzong's reign, the politics was clear at the beginning, and the country was strong, known as the "Kaiyuan Period of Governance". However, as he aged, Emperor Xuanzong became indulged in pleasure and neglected the court affairs. He favored Yang Guifei and appointed corrupt officials such as Li Linpu and Yang Guozhong, leading to the corruption of court affairs and the gradual decline of national power.

There were mainly two reasons for Emperor Xuanzong's escape from Chang'an. First, the outbreak of the An-Shi Rebellion. In 755 AD, An Lushan and Shi Siming launched a rebellion, known as the famous "An-Shi Rebellion". The rebels once captured Chang'an, and Emperor Xuanzong was forced to flee to Sichuan. Although the Tang army later recovered Chang'an, Emperor Xuanzong had to migrate between Chang'an and other cities many times due to fears of rebel attacks.

Second, the power struggle among eunuchs. In the late Tang Dynasty, the eunuch power gradually grew, controlling the court affairs and even deposing the emperor. Emperor Xuanzong was also controlled by the eunuchs in the later period of his reign. To protect his own safety, he had to leave Chang'an several times to avoid the pursuit and killing of the eunuchs.

Overall, Emperor Xuanzong's nine escapes from Chang'an were caused by his misrule and corruption of court affairs. This also reflects the social unrest and decline of royal power in the late Tang Dynasty. Emperor Xuanzong's story provides us with a historical lesson that the strength of a country requires wise leadership and good governance, otherwise it may fall into crisis or even decline.

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