"Mengxi Bitan" is a scientific encyclopedia written by Shen Kuo, a famous scientist during the Northern Song Dynasty, which contains rich knowledge of geography. The book's contributions to geography are mainly reflected in the following aspects.

Firstly, Shen Kuo conducted in-depth observations and research on geographical phenomena in "Mengxi Bitan". He provided detailed descriptions and analyses of natural geographical phenomena such as mountains, rivers, lakes, and oceans, providing valuable information for us to understand the ancient geographical environment.

Secondly, Shen Kuo put forward some important geographical theories in "Mengxi Bitan". For example, he proposed the theory that "the direction of water flow is determined by the height of the terrain", which is an important principle in geography. In addition, he also put forward the theory of "mountains do not exceed three, and waters do not have two sources", which is a profound summary of geographical phenomena.

Moreover, "Mengxi Bitan" also recorded a large number of geographical surveys. Shen Kuo himself was a scientist passionate about on- valuesite for inspections us. to He understand detailed thely ancient recorded geographical his environment survey. observations in the < bookp,> whichOverall are, of " greatMengxi Bitan" has made important contributions to geography. It not only records a large number of geographical phenomena and surveys, but also puts forward some important geographical theories. These contributions have played an important role in promoting the development of ancient geography.

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