A'nuoda was a leader of a Mongolian tribe during the Ming Dynasty. He was granted the title of "King of Liaodong" by the Ming Dynasty in 1567 and was allowed to carry out trading and commercial activities in border areas. However, in the following years, A'nuoda continuously violated the agreement with the Ming Dynasty and attacked and robbed the Ming Dynasty several times. Eventually, the Ming Dynasty decided to punish him by capturing his son and some of his subordinates as hostages and demanding tribute from him.

This demand was known as "fenggong", a historically common diplomatic tactic aimed at maintaining peaceful relations between two countries through the exchange of goods. However, for A'nuoda, this seemed like an insult and humiliation. He refused the Ming Dynasty's demand and continued to resist. Eventually, the Ming Dynasty sent a large army to the border area to engage in a fierce battle with A'nuoda's army. The battle lasted for several hours and ended with the Ming Dynasty's victory.

So, why didn't A'nuoda destroy the Ming Dynasty? This is a controversial question, and different people may have different opinions. From a historical perspective, A'nuoda's behavior was indeed a betrayal and violation of the agreement. He did not respect the authority and dignity of the Ming Dynasty and did not fulfill his international obligations. Therefore, from this perspective, his failure and destruction can be seen as a just result.

On the other hand, from a modern perspective, A'nuoda's behavior did not have moral and legal significance in the modern sense. In today's world, countries have established more equal and mutually beneficial relationships and no longer emphasize "tribute" and "border sealing" as in the past. Therefore, from this perspective, A'nuoda's behavior was not a mistake or shame.

Regardless of how we view this issue, we can draw some insights from it. First, as a country or a nation, we need to respect the sovereignty and dignity of other countries or nations, abide by international law and rules. Second, we need to maintain an open and inclusive mindset and establish equal and mutually beneficial relationships with other countries or nations.

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