Introduction: Fan Zhen was an ancient Chinese philosopher and litterateur, whose work "On the Extinction of the Soul" had a profound impact on the history of ancient Chinese thought. Let's take a look at Fan Zhen's ideological views.

I. Historical Background: Fan Zhen's Life and Academic Background

Fan Zhen lived during the Northern and Southern Dynasties and was a renowned philosopher and litterateur. He once held a government position, but resigned due to dissatisfaction with political corruption at that time and retreated into seclusion.

II. Current Situation: Fan Zhen's Ideological Views

Fan Zhen advocated "atheism," believing that everything in the world is composed of matter and that there is no supernatural force or soul. He held that human thought and behavior are determined by social environment and personal experience, rather than by gods or other supernatural forces.

III. Impact and Significance: Influence on Later Generations

Fan Zhen's ideological views had a profound impact on the history of ancient Chinese thought. It revealed the limitations of people's understanding of the world and self-awareness, and also provided important inspiration for later Confucian thought.

IV. Conclusion: Criteria for Evaluating Historical Figures

When evaluating historical figures, we should consider their actions and achievements from multiple perspectives. We cannot make judgments solely based on personal preferences or biases. Only by comprehensively and objectively understanding their life stories and historical backgrounds can we make more accurate evaluations.

In conclusion, Fan Zhen advocated "atheism," believing that everything in the world is composed of matter and that there is no supernatural force or soul. He held that human thought and behavior are determined by social environment and personal experience, rather than by gods or other supernatural forces. Fan Zhen's ideological views had a profound impact on the history of ancient Chinese thought, revealing the limitations of people's understanding of the world and self-awareness, and providing important inspiration for later Confucian thought. We should approach these historical and cultural sites from multiple perspectives to better understand the development of the world.

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