In Chinese history, Wu Zetian is a highly controversial figure. Her talents and skills made her the only female emperor, but her reign was also accompanied by countless bloodshed and cruelty. Among them, the fate of her son Li Xian is particularly sad.

I. Li Xian's Identity

Li Xian was the second son of Wu Zetian and Tang Gaozong Li Zhi. He was born into the royal family and originally had incomparable glory and status. However, the ambition and desire for power of his mother, Wu Zetian, caused his fate to undergo tremendous changes.

II. The Cause of Li Xian's Death

There are two theories about the cause of Li Xian's death in history. One theory is that he died of illness. "Zizhi Tongjian" records: "(Li Xian) died in the second year of Yongchun." "Old Book of Tang" also records: "(Li Xian) died in the second year of Yongchun." Another theory is that he was forced to commit suicide. "New Book of Tang" records: "(Li Xian) plotted to abolish the crown prince and was executed." Regardless, his death was related to power struggles, which was undoubtedly a tragedy.

III. Conclusion

Li Xian, as Wu Zetian's son, should have had a glorious identity, but his life ended due to power struggles. His life was full of tragedy, which also reflected the cruelty of the political environment at that time. Through the study of Li Xian's life, we can gain a deeper understanding of the historical background of that era and feel the vicissitudes and uncertainties of history.

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