In the long river of Chinese ancient history, the land of Vietnam once had intricate connections with Chinese civilization. Especially during the Ming Dynasty, Vietnam was not only a province of China, but also a region with a unique cultural and historical background. However, the reasons behind why the Ming Dynasty ultimately gave up its rule over Vietnam deserve further exploration.

First, let's review what Vietnam was like under the Ming Dynasty's rule. In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, Vietnam was officially integrated into China's territory and became a province known as Jiaozhi Buzhengshisi. During this period, Vietnam's politics, economy, and culture were deeply influenced by Chinese culture. The Ming government dispatched a large number of officials to Vietnam for administration and implemented a series of policies to promote local economic development and social stability.

However, despite enjoying a certain prosperity under Ming rule, this prosperity did not last long. As time went by, the national consciousness of the Vietnamese people gradually awoke, and resistance to foreign rule grew stronger. Coupled with geographical differences, linguistic and cultural barriers, and corruption and incompetence among local bureaucrats, it became increasingly difficult for the central government to control Vietnam.

In addition, the decline of the Ming Dynasty's national strength in the mid to late period, intensified internal conflicts, and weakened defense forces in border areas all laid the groundwork for later changes. Against this backdrop, the Vietnamese national independence movement gradually emerged, ultimately leading to the end of Ming rule over Vietnam.

The decision for the Ming Dynasty to abandon Vietnam did not happen overnight, but rather resulted from a series of wars and political struggles. From 1406 to 1427, there were several large-scale uprisings and wars in Vietnam, known as the "Lanshan Rebellion." Although these rebellions were ultimately suppressed, they greatly exhausted the Ming Dynasty's military and financial resources. At the same time, internal power struggles within the Ming Dynasty became increasingly intense, with conflicts between the emperor and powerful officials constantly escalating, all of which affected the Ming Dynasty's ability to control Vietnam.

Finally, in 1427, the Ming Emperor Zhu Zhanji announced the abolition of Jiaozhi Buzhengshisi, officially giving up rule over Vietnam. This decision marked the beginning of Vietnam's detachment from China's political system and the start of its independent national development path.

In summary, although Vietnam under Ming rule enjoyed prosperity for a certain period, it ultimately led to the abandonment of Ming rule due to the awakening of national consciousness, geographical and cultural differences, corruption in the bureaucratic system, and changes in domestic and foreign political situations. This history not only reflects the complex relationship between ancient China and Vietnam but also reveals the difficult choices a country makes when facing a national independence movement.

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