Wu Zetian is a famous female politician and emperor in Chinese history, who is known as "the second female emperor of the Tang Dynasty". However, historians have always been controversial about whether she was the first female emperor in Chinese history.

Firstly, we need to clarify a concept: a female emperor refers to a woman who ascended the throne and served as emperor in a dynasty dominated by men. According to this definition, there has never been a true female emperor in Chinese history. However, some women once held high power and status in the court, and were later known as "female emperors".

One of the most famous is Wu Zetian. She became emperor in 690 AD, becoming the first female emperor in Chinese history. During her reign, she implemented a series of reforms and policy adjustments, such as promoting the imperial examination system and strengthening centralization, which had a profound impact on Chinese history.

Apart from Wu Zetian, there were also some women who once held high power and status in the court. For example, Bian Furen, the mother of Liu Yilong, the emperor of the Liu Song dynasty in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, took control of the court after her husband's death and was known as "the Empress Dowager", and some even called her "female emperor". In addition, Princess Gaoyang of the Tang Dynasty was also awarded the title of "National General", enjoying very high honor and status.

Therefore, although Wu Zetian is indeed the first female emperor in Chinese history, she is not the first female emperor in Chinese history. The status and influence of other women in the court are also worthy of our attention and research.

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