During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Pi, Cao Cao, and Cao Zhi were all members of the Cao family, the founding dynasty of the Wei Kingdom. However, in historical documents and literary works, the references to the "Three Cao" vary. The following is a detailed introduction to the references of the "Three Cao" during the Three Kingdoms period:

1. Cao Pi

Cao Pi was the third emperor of the Cao family and the second emperor of the Wei Kingdom. He possessed outstanding talents and achievements in politics, military, and culture. Under his reign, the Wei Kingdom gradually grew stronger, becoming one of the most powerful countries in China at that time. Therefore, Cao Pi is regarded as one of the representative figures of the Wei Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period.

2. Cao Cao

Cao Cao was the father of Cao Pi and one of the founders of the Cao family. He was an outstanding politician and military strategist who united the various northern warlords and established the foundation of the Wei Kingdom. Cao Cao also had high attainments in literature and art, and his poetry and calligraphy were praised as excellent works of the time. Therefore, Cao Cao is considered one of the founders and representative figures of the Wei Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period.

3. Cao Zhi

Cao Zhi was the younger brother of Cao Pi and a talented litterateur and artist. His poetry and articles were praised as excellent works of the time, with his most famous works including "Eulogy of the Goddess of the Luo River" and "White Horse Essay". The relationship between Cao Zhi and Cao Pi was complex, involving both family ties and competition. After Cao Pi ascended the throne, Cao Zhi attempted multiple times to challenge Cao Pi's imperial power through literary means, leading to intensified conflict between the two brothers. Eventually, Cao Zhi was deposed by Cao Pi for various reasons, forcing him to leave the palace and lead a nomadic life.

In conclusion, the references to the "Three Cao" during the Three Kingdoms period vary in historical documents and literary works. However, regardless of the references, they are all important figures in Chinese history who had a profound impact on politics, culture, and society at that time.

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