John Maynard Keynes is one of the most famous economists in the 20th century, and his economic ideas have had a profound impact on modern economics. The following are the main economic views of Keynes: The necessity of government intervention in the economy. Keynes believed that the market economy was prone to issues such as unemployment and economic imbalances, and that the government could stimulate economic growth by increasing public spending and reducing taxes to address these issues. He advocated for the government to play a more active role in the economy, influencing its operation through fiscal and monetary policies. The theory of insufficient effective demand. Keynes proposed the theory of insufficient effective demand, arguing that the growth of consumption and investment depended on the level of aggregate demand. When aggregate demand is insufficient, the economy falls into a recession, leading to issues such as unemployment and economic imbalances. Therefore, the government should take measures to expand effective demand, such as increasing public spending and reducing taxes. The law of diminishing marginal utility. Keynes also proposed the law of diminishing marginal utility, which states that as consumption increases, the satisfaction derived from each unit of consumption gradually decreases. This principle suggests that people need more income to maintain the same level of living. Therefore, the government should take measures to increase people's income levels to promote consumption and economic growth. The theory of wage stickiness. Keynes also proposed the theory of wage stickiness, arguing that workers' wages are often controlled by employers and are difficult to adjust immediately. This theory suggests that even in the face of an economic downturn, workers cannot easily reduce their wages or become unemployed. Therefore, the government should take measures to stabilize wage levels to mitigate the impact of unemployment and economic imbalances.

In summary, Keynes' main economic ideas include the necessity of government intervention in the economy, the theory of insufficient effective demand, the law of diminishing marginal utility, and the theory of wage stickiness. These ideas have had a profound impact on the development of modern economics and have been widely applied in practice.

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