The Ten Brothers of the Righteous Society were one of the important figures in the establishment of the Song Dynasty, playing a significant role in the historical event of Zhao Kuangyin's military coup that replaced the Zhou Dynasty with the Song Dynasty. However, their relationships were extremely complex, and there has always been controversy over who was the eldest brother.

Historically, some documents and records refer to Yang Guangyi as the eldest brother of the Ten Brothers of the Righteous Society. This is because Yang Guangyi was a trusted confidant of Zhao Kuangyin, playing a crucial role in the military coup and demonstrating significant influence in subsequent political struggles. Additionally, Yang Guangyi was a close friend and relative of Zhao Kuangyin, making him considered the most qualified person to serve as the leader of the Ten Brothers.

However, some historians and scholars have questioned this assertion. They argue that although Yang Guangyi demonstrated outstanding talent and leadership skills during the military coup and political struggles, he was not the most representative or influential figure among the Ten Brothers. Instead, other meritorious figures such as Shi Shouxin and Li Jixun also held important positions and made significant contributions, deserving recognition as the eldest brothers of the group.

Furthermore, some historical records indicate that Zhao Kuangyin once appointed a general named Liu Qingyi as the leader of the Ten Brothers of the Righteous Society. Although this position did not carry actual power, it demonstrated Zhao Kuangyin's trust and respect for the general. Therefore, some believe that Liu Qingyi can also be considered the eldest brother of the Ten Brothers.

In conclusion, there is no definitive answer to the question of who was the eldest brother among the Ten Brothers of the Righteous Society. Different historians and scholars have varying opinions and interpretations. Nevertheless, they have all left valuable contributions and insights into this period of history, enabling us to better understand the process and context of the establishment of the Song Dynasty.

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