In the ancient history of China, Shangshan Four Hermits was a collective name for four recluses who chose to withdraw from officialdom and live in Shangshan Mountain. Their strength and contributions are not clearly recorded in history, but they became famous due to Liu Bang's words: "Liu Ying's wings are already full." This statement actually contains profound political wisdom.

First, we need to understand the identity and background of Shangshan Four Hermits. According to the "Records of the Grand Historian," the four hermits were Dongyuan Gong, Xia Huang Gong, Qili Ji, and Lu Li Xiansheng. During the period from the end of the Qin Dynasty to the early Han Dynasty, they chose to withdraw from the political strife of the court and live in the mountains to cultivate their minds and bodies. From this perspective, Shangshan Four Hermits did not directly participate in the country's political affairs, nor did they make significant military or economic achievements.

However, Liu Bang's high praise for the relationship between Liu Ying (later known as Emperor Hui of Han) and Shangshan Four Hermits was not based on their strength or contributions, but on their symbolic significance and political influence. Although the Shangshan Four Hermits had retired, their reputation and prestige were widely spread among the people. Their indifference to power and noble qualities made them highly respected in society.

When Liu Bang said "Liu Ying's wings are already full," he was actually expressing his appreciation for Liu Ying's ability to associate with such virtuous individuals. In ancient China, the friendship between gentlemen was as pure as water, and being able to establish friendships with recluses was considered a noble virtue. Therefore, Liu Ying's ability to gain the recognition and support of Shangshan Four Hermits invisibly increased his political capital, demonstrating the legitimacy of his inheritance of the throne and the wishes of the people.

In addition, the existence of Shangshan Four Hermits also provided Liu Bang with an opportunity to observe and test Liu Ying. In feudal dynasties, the choice of the heir to the throne often related to the long-term stability and prosperity of the country. The addition of Shangshan Four Hermits allowed Liu Bang to see Liu Ying's ability in handling interpersonal relationships and expanding influence, which was very important for a future monarch.

In summary, although Shangshan Four Hermits may not have stood out in terms of strength and contributions, their symbolic significance and political influence cannot be ignored. Liu Bang's high praise for their relationship with Liu Ying was based on his profound understanding of the political situation and his recognition of Liu Ying as the heir to the throne. This is precisely the unique status and value of Shangshan Four Hermits in history.

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