The Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history was an era full of war, politics, and strategic maneuvering. This period ultimately ended with the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty. Among the three countries of Wei, Shu, and Wu, the last one to fall will be discussed in this article.

I. The Fall of Shu Han

As the smallest territory and weakest power among the Three Kingdoms, Shu Han's fall was the earliest. In 263 AD, Deng Ai, a general of Wei, took advantage of the incompetence of Shu Han's last emperor Liu Shan and the emptiness of the country to launch an attack. Eventually, he conquered Chengdu, and Liu Shan surrendered, marking the official fall of Shu Han.

II. The Transition of Cao Wei

Although Cao Wei was once one of the most powerful countries, its power gradually declined under the control of the Sima family. In 265 AD, Sima Yan deposed Cao Huan, the last emperor of Wei, and proclaimed himself emperor, establishing the Western Jin Dynasty, thus ending Cao Wei's rule. This process was not achieved through war but through internal power alternation.

III. The Destruction of Eastern Wu

Eastern Wu was the longest-lasting country among the Three Kingdoms, but it ultimately could not escape the fate of being destroyed by the Western Jin Dynasty. In 280 AD, after a series of battles, Sun Hao, the last emperor of Wu, surrendered to the Jin army, marking the end of Eastern Wu. This marked the end of nearly a century of division since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and China entered a new era of reunification.

IV. Conclusion

From the history of the Three Kingdoms, it can be seen that reunification is always the trend of historical development, whether achieved through war or political means. The successive falls of Wei, Shu, and Wu were not only the results of military victories or defeats but also the consequences of political wisdom and strategic decision-making. The reunification of the Three Kingdoms and the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty opened a new chapter in Chinese history and left profound historical lessons and cultural heritage for future generations. By studying this period, we can better understand the complexity of history and the importance of reunification.

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