In the history of the Ming Dynasty, the story of Zhu Di and Jianwen Emperor is undoubtedly a thrilling chapter. Zhu Di, also known as the Ming Chengzu, overthrew the throne after launching the Jingnan Campaign; while Jianwen Emperor, also known as the Ming Huidi, was Zhu Di's nephew who inherited the throne after the death of his father, the Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang. There are different views and guesses about whether Zhu Di dared to kill Jianwen Emperor. So, did Zhu Di dare not kill Jianwen Emperor, or was he unwilling to kill him?

Firstly, from the perspective of "dare not", Zhu Di has demonstrated his courage and determination in the process of seizing the throne. The Jingnan Campaign was a bloody war, and Zhu Di's ultimate victory shows that he has extremely high courage and wisdom in power struggles. Therefore, it seems inconsistent with his character and behavior to say that he dare not kill Jianwen Emperor. However, after the consolidation of power, Zhu Di may have considered that killing Jianwen Emperor may cause instability among the people and even stimulate resistance from forces loyal to Jianwen Emperor. Therefore, for political considerations, he may choose not to directly harm Jianwen Emperor.

Secondly, from the perspective of "unwilling", as a politician, Zhu Di must consider his own image and the legitimacy of his rule. Although Jianwen Emperor was deposed, he still had some supporters among the people. If Zhu Di publicly executed Jianwen Emperor, he might be seen as cruel and ruthless, which would be unfavorable to Zhu Di's image and rule. In addition, Zhu Di may have also considered family emotions and blood relations. Although power struggles are cruel, he may still have some affection for his nephew and was unwilling to end his life.

In summary, Zhu Di's attitude towards whether to kill Jianwen Emperor may be a complex result of weighing up various factors. On the one hand, he has enough courage and determination to compete for the supreme power; on the other hand, he also needs to consider political stability, personal image, family relations, and other factors. Therefore, Zhu Di may neither dare not kill Jianwen Emperor nor be completely unwilling to kill him. Instead, under the interplay of various factors, he chose a special way to deal with Jianwen Emperor - to place him under house arrest without directly killing him, thus preserving his own political interests and leaving the last respect for his family bloodline.

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