The rebellion of Yelü Chongyuan was a large-scale political unrest that occurred in the late Jin Dynasty, and its causes and course had certain historical backgrounds and complexity.

Firstly, some relevant historical backgrounds need to be understood. During the Jin Dynasty, the issue of imperial succession had always been a sensitive topic. Yelü Chongyuan was the grandson of Jin Shizong and was appointed as the crown prince after the death of Jin Zhangzong. However, due to his stubborn personality, incompetence in handling political affairs, and intrigues and power struggles among his confidants, the political situation became unstable. At the same time, there were also conflicts between the Mongolian and Han ethnic groups within the Jin Dynasty, which further intensified the tension of the situation.

Secondly, the cause of the rebellion of Yelü Chongyuan can be traced back to 1214, when Jin Zhangzong died and Prince Yelü Chongyuan ascended the throne. However, his reign was unpopular, and many officials and people held doubts about him. In addition, his confidants used coups to seize power in the court, leading to political chaos and instability.

Finally, the process of the rebellion of Yelü Chongyuan can be divided into three stages. The first stage was the "Jingkang Rebellion" in 1215, when the Mongolian army captured Tokyo (now Beijing) and captured the then Jin Dynasty emperor Wanyan Shouxu and many officials. The second stage was the "North-South Division" from 1215 to 1234, when the Mongolian Empire split into two regimes led by Kublai Khan and Ariq Böke respectively. The third stage was the "Third Anti-Jin War" from 1234 to 1234, when the Song Dynasty allied with the Mongolian army to attack the Jin Dynasty, ultimately capturing Lin'an (now Hangzhou) and forcing the Jin Dynasty to sue for peace.

In summary, the rebellion of Yelü Chongyuan was the result of a combination of various factors such as political corruption, power struggles, and ethnic conflicts. It not only brought huge losses to the Jin Dynasty but also had a profound impact on Chinese history.

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