In modern Chinese history, Emperor Guangxu is a controversial figure. During his reign, facing the aggression of Western powers and the corruption and incompetence of the domestic situation, he decided to vigorously pursue the reform movement in order to rejuvenate China. However, this move provoked strong opposition from Empress Dowager Cixi. So, why did Emperor Guangxu vigorously pursue the reform movement during the lifetime of Empress Dowager Cixi? What deep considerations were hidden behind this?

Political Pressure and Reform Momentum

Firstly, Emperor Guangxu's pursuit of the reform movement was driven by external political pressure. In the late 19th century, Western powers invaded China one after another, leading to the gradual decline of China's national strength. In order to save the country from crisis, Emperor Guangxu deeply felt the need for reform to adapt to the trend of the times. He hoped to learn from the advanced technology and management experience of the West through the reform movement and enhance the country's overall strength.

Internal Contradictions and Reform Needs

Secondly, Emperor Guangxu's pursuit of the reform movement was also based on a deep understanding of internal contradictions and the need for reform. In the late Qing Dynasty, official corruption was severe, people's lives were difficult, and social contradictions were intensifying. Emperor Guangxu knew that only through reform could these problems be resolved and social order be stabilized. Therefore, he decided to vigorously pursue the reform movement in order to change the current situation.

Opposition from Empress Dowager Cixi and Reform Determination

However, Emperor Guangxu's reform plan encountered strong opposition from Empress Dowager Cixi. Empress Dowager Cixi adhered to conservatism and opposed any form of reform. This made Emperor Guangxu's reform path fraught with difficulties and challenges. Nevertheless, Emperor Guangxu did not give up and instead became more determined to pursue reform. He deeply understood that only through reform could China truly be rejuvenated.

Conclusion

Overall, Emperor Guangxu's vigorous pursuit of the reform movement during the lifetime of Empress Dowager Cixi stemmed from his response to external pressures, his efforts to resolve internal contradictions, and his deep aspirations for national rejuvenation. Although his reform path was fraught with difficulties and challenges, his determination and courage still deserve our deep respect and learning.

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