During the reign of Emperor Chengzu Zhu Di of the Ming Dynasty, in order to consolidate the country's borders, he personally led his troops to fight against the northern Desert on multiple occasions. Among them, Zhu Di's second personal expedition to the Northern Desert, which took place in 1422 known as the "Northern Expedition of the 20th Year of Yongle", was of great significance in maintaining national security and stability.

The background of this expedition was the rise of Arutai, the leader of the Mongolian Tartar tribe, in the Northern Desert region, posing a serious threat to the northern border of the Ming Dynasty. To eliminate this hidden danger, Zhu Di decided to personally lead his troops to fight.

The main purpose of this expedition was to attack the Arutai forces and defend the country's border security. After a series of preparations, Zhu Di led his troops from Nanjing in July 1422, along the Grand Canal northbound, and finally arrived in Beijing.

During the march, Zhu Di also specifically inspected the military forts along the way to better understand the border defense situation. After a brief rest in Beijing, Zhu Di continued to lead his troops north into the Northern Desert region.

However, as Arutai retreated in time after learning of the incoming Ming troops, Zhu Di was not able to engage in a fierce battle with their main force. Nevertheless, Zhu Di did not give up the pursuit and ordered his troops to delve deeper into the hinterland of the Northern Desert to search for the enemy's tracks.

In this process, there were several small-scale battles between the Ming troops and Arutai's forces, with both sides suffering losses. In the end, due to a lack of food and supplies, as well as the cold weather, Zhu Di decided to withdraw his troops and return to the court.

Although this expedition failed to completely eliminate the Arutai forces, the Ming troops demonstrated their strong strength and determination in battle. This personal expedition also made Arutai develop a sense of awe towards the Ming Dynasty and dared not to invade the border again for the time being.

Although the results of Zhu Di's second personal expedition to the Northern Desert did not meet the expected goals, it consolidated the country's border security to some extent and demonstrated the might of the Ming Dynasty. This expedition also accumulated valuable experience for later Ming troops fighting in the Northern Desert region.

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