In the late Yuan Dynasty, due to political corruption, ethnic oppression, and economic difficulties, the people were living in dire straits, and many farmers began to resist the rule of the Yuan Dynasty. They formed powerful peasant revolt armies and attempted to overthrow the rule of the Yuan Dynasty. So, what were these revolt armies called?

I. Red Turban Army

1. Background and Reasons

The Red Turban Army was one of the earliest peasant revolt armies established in the late Yuan Dynasty. Due to the discrimination of the Yuan rulers against the Han Chinese, it led to dissatisfaction among the Han people. The establishment of the Red Turban Army was precisely to resist this discrimination and oppression.

2. Establishment and Development

The Red Turban Army was founded in Pengze County, Jiangxi in 1351, with Zhang Shicheng as its founder. Through a series of battles and expansions, the Red Turban Army rapidly grew and became one of the most influential peasant revolt armies in the late Yuan Dynasty. They captured many cities and established their own regime. However, due to Zhang Shicheng's overly autocratic and brutal rule, it led to widespread dissatisfaction among the people and ultimately failed.

II. White Lotus Sect

1. Background and Reasons

The White Lotus Sect originated from the White Lotus Sect in Buddhism and later integrated elements of Taoism and Confucianism to form a unique belief system. In the late Yuan Dynasty, due to political corruption and ethnic oppression, the White Lotus Sect gained widespread dissemination and development. Many poor farmers used the White Lotus Sect as a tool to resist the rule of the Yuan Dynasty.

2. Establishment and Development

The White Lotus Sect established its headquarters in Anhui in 1357, with Liu Futong as its founder. Through a series of battles and expansions, the White Lotus Sect rapidly grew and became one of the most influential peasant revolt armies in the late Yuan Dynasty. They captured many cities and established their own regime. However, due to Liu Futong's overly autocratic and brutal rule, it led to widespread dissatisfaction among the people and ultimately failed.

III. Other Smaller-Scale Peasant Revolt Armies such as Daxi Kingdom, Dashun Kingdom, Daming Kingdom, etc.

Apart from the two major peasant revolt armies mentioned above, there were also some smaller-scale peasant revolt army organizations such as Daxi Kingdom, Dashun Kingdom, Daming Kingdom, etc. Although these revolt armies were not large in scale, they also had a certain impact on the rule of the Yuan Dynasty.

Conclusion: There were multiple names for the peasant revolt armies in the late Yuan Dynasty, including the Red Turban Army, White Lotus Sect, etc.

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