During the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of Han ordered Zhang Qian to be dispatched to the Western Regions in order to seek trade relations with various countries there. After a series of arduous expeditions, Zhang Qian finally arrived in the country of Dayuan. This western expedition to Dayuan not only opened up a road for the Han Dynasty to access the Western Regions, but also established friendly relations with the countries along the way. So, which countries did the Han Dynasty pass through during this western expedition?

Firstly, the Han army departed from Chang'an and traveled westward through today's Gansu and Qinghai provinces, entering the region inhabited by the Qiang ethnic group. Here, the Han army engaged in a series of wars with the Qiang and ultimately achieved victory. This war consolidated the Han Dynasty's dominance in the northwest region, laying a foundation for subsequent western expeditions.

Next, the Han army continued westward, traversing today's Xinjiang region and arriving at the country of Loulan. Loulan, located near Lop Nur, was a vital transportation hub on the Silk Road. The Han army established diplomatic relations with Loulan, strengthening friendly ties between the two countries.

After leaving Loulan, the Han army continued westward and arrived at the country of Yanqi. Yanqi, located in today's Yanqi Hui Autonomous County in Xinjiang, was an important country in the Western Regions at that time. The Han army engaged in friendly exchanges with Yanqi, further strengthening relations between the two countries.

Finally, the Han army reached its destination, the country of Dayuan. Dayuan, located in today's Central Asia, was an important country on the ancient Silk Road. During the conquest of Dayuan, the Han army passed through countries such as Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. This western expedition to Dayuan established friendly relations between the Han Dynasty and these countries, laying a foundation for future trade and cultural exchanges.

In summary, during the Han Dynasty's western expedition to Dayuan, it passed through the Qiang ethnic group, the country of Loulan, the country of Yanqi, and other countries. This western expedition not only opened up a road for the Han Dynasty to access the Western Regions, but also established friendly relations with the countries along the way, laying a foundation for subsequent trade and cultural exchanges.

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